Shrapnel is named after Lieutenant-General Henry Shrapnel (1761–1842), a British artillery officer, whose experiments, initially conducted on his own time and at his own expense, culminated in the design and development of a new type of artillery shell. The functioning and principles behind Shrapnel shells are fundamentally different from high-explosive shell fragmentation. The munition has been obsolete since the end of World War I for anti-personnel use high-explosive shells superseded it for that role. They relied almost entirely on the shell's velocity for their lethality. Shrapnel shells were anti-personnel artillery munitions which carried many individual bullets close to a target area and then ejected them to allow them to continue along the shell's trajectory and strike targets individually. Animation of a bursting shrapnel shell Setting a time fuse (left) and loading a shell into a gun
For fragmentation of artillery shells in general, see Fragmentation (weaponry). This article is about the Shrapnel artillery shell.
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